Dr Dirt,
The adaptive trims are definitely applied at WOT, OL, etc. This is not speculation, it is fact. The cell it is pulled from depends on the calibration. In the case of the A9L, if the MAF and injectors are comp'ed properly, over 4000RPM it won't apply a trim. If using a large MAF/Inj combo uncomp'ed depending on the load scaling, it can pull from %50 load@3000 RPM. The trim learned in these cells take a while to mature, so it will take considerable time to populate them, but it is possible.

Bitemark, GNs-Are-Slow,
In Ford powertrain strategy, anytime a sensor failure is detected, the PCM attempts to substitute a reasonable value for what that sensors reading should be, and operates normally with that substitution. The EPA wants your car running the best it can, even when sensor failure occurs. When o2 sensors are found faulty, the PCM defaults to open loop, ignoring the o2 sensors, and continues to operate normally otherwise. No changes are made to the timing strategy, or otherwise. The problem is that Ford fault detection for o2 sensors sucks. It rarely finds them faulty, and consequently, will operate utilizing a faulty signal, and basing fuel trims on that. This is why Fords typically run rich with bad o2's. Its not the PCM's intention, it just doesn't know any better. Ironically, the A9L seems to be the most fault tolerant of o2 sensors, and unplugging them seems to work ok most of the time.

Brian
EFI-Unlimited